![]() ![]() But BLS is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, which enters into the rice leaf through hydathodes or wounds and colonizes in the xylem vessels. There are two major bacterial diseases, bacterial blight (BB) and bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by the gram-negative bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae that frequently occur in rice. However, it has been shown to suffer more than 70 diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes during rice growth (NiƱo-Liu et al. ![]() Rice is an important staple crop worldwide that represents 40% of total grain output and nearly 60% of global food consumption (Sharma et al. Overall, we reveal that OsHsfB4d, a class B Hsf, acts as a positive regulator of OsHsp18.0-CI to mediate BLS and BB resistance in rice. Furthermore, we found that OsHsfB4d directly binds to a DNA fragment carrying the only perfect heat shock element (HSE) in the promoter of OsHsp18.0-CI. Rice plants overexpressing OsHsfB4d exhibited enhanced resistance to RS105 and PXO99a as well as increased expression of OsHsp18.0- CI and pathogenesis-related genes. Transient expression of OsHsfB4d can activate the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and luciferase (Luc) via the OsHsp18.0-CI promoter. OsHsfB4d is upregulated post inoculation by either the Xoc strain RS105 or Xoo strain PXO99a in Zhonghua 11 (wild type, ZH11) as well as in OsHsp18.0- CI overexpressing rice plants. To reveal the regulatory mechanism of the OsHsp18.0- CI response to Xoc and Xoo, we characterized the class B heat shock factor (Hsf), OsHsfB4d, through transcriptional analysis and a transgenic study. Previously, we identified a defence-related ( DR) gene encoding a small heat shock protein, OsHsp18.0-CI, that positively regulates BLS and BB resistance in rice. oryzicola (Xoc) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (1991), 10: 1111-1118.Bacterial leaf streak (BLS) and bacterial blight (BB) are two major prevalent and devastating rice bacterial diseases caused by the Gram-negative bacteria of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Short modified antisense oligonucleotides directed against Ha-ras point mutation induce selective cleavage of the mRNA and inhibit T24 cells proliferation. (3) Salson-Behmoaras, T., Tocque, B., Rey, I., Casslgnol, M., Thuong, N-T., Helene, C. The Acridine Ring Selectively Intercalated into a DNA Helix at Various Types of Abasic Sites: Double Strand Formation and Photophysical Properties. The binding of DNA intercalating and non-intercalating compounds to A-form and protonated form of poly(rC)-poly(rG): Spectroscopic and viscometric study. (1) Sinha, R., Islam, M.M., Kakali, B., Gopinatha, S.K., Banerjee, A., Maiti, M. For more information on the uses of psoralen, see the applications section of the Cross-Linkers modification category. Incorporating psoralen into oligos is attractive for cross-linking studies into nucleic acid secondary structure and protein-nucleic acid interactions. Consequently, it becomes possible to use much shorter oligos as antisense moieties. For example, incorporation of acridine into oligos is attractive for antisense applications, because intercalation of acridine into the DNA-RNA duplex significantly increases the Tm (that is, enhances duplex stability) without affecting target specificity (2). Currently, DNA intercalators are used in both antisense work and structural studies.
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